# convert.now — full content Long-form content (description, use cases, examples, FAQ) for every tool, plus per-format metadata for the programmatic /{from}-to-{to} routes. Intended as a single source for LLMs and search crawlers. Site: https://convert.now Index: https://convert.now/llms.txt --- ## Image Converter URL: https://convert.now/image-converter Category: image Source formats: png, jpeg, webp, avif, tiff, bmp, gif, svg, jxl, ico, hdr Target formats: png, jpeg, webp, avif, jxl, ico Keywords: image converter, online image converter, convert image, png to jpg, jpg to png, png to webp, webp to png, image format converter, free image converter, browser image converter, png to ico, jpeg xl converter, ico converter, hdr to png ### Description A universal image format converter that runs entirely in your browser via WebAssembly. Drop any image file, pick a target format, adjust quality if it's a lossy format, and download. Batch convert as many files as you want at once. The conversion engine uses convert.now's own WebAssembly codec suite (with jSquash as a fallback) for fast, high-quality output. Files never leave your device — there's nothing to upload, nothing to wait for, and nothing for anyone to see. ### Use cases - Convert a folder of PNG screenshots to WebP for a faster website - Turn an AVIF download into JPG for software that doesn't read AVIF - Batch-convert a photo dump into a single format before importing into a tool - Strip the alpha channel by converting transparent PNGs to JPG ### Examples **Input:** 20 PNG screenshots → WebP at quality 80 ``` 20 WebP files, typically 70–80% smaller than the originals ``` *Standard 'make my site lighter' workflow.* **Input:** 1 AVIF photo → JPG quality 90 ``` 1 JPG file, compatible with everything ``` *Useful when downstream software (e.g. older Photoshop, print tools) can't read AVIF.* **Input:** 100 mixed-format dump → all PNG ``` 100 PNG files, ready for archive ``` *Lossless normalization before storage.* ### FAQ **Is anything uploaded to a server?** No. Every conversion runs in your browser using WebAssembly. Open DevTools' Network tab if you'd like to verify — there's nothing for the converter to upload because the conversion happens locally. **What's the maximum file size?** There's no hard limit — the browser handles it. Files under 50MB convert quickly. Larger files (especially photo dumps) work but may take a few seconds per file as the browser allocates memory. If you're hitting issues, batch in smaller groups. **Which format should I pick?** WebP is the modern default — supported by every browser since 2020, 25–35% smaller than JPG/PNG at equivalent quality. JPG for maximum compatibility, especially older systems. PNG when you need transparency or pixel-perfect lossless. AVIF for the smallest files at the cost of slower encoding. **Does converting lose quality?** It depends. Lossless → lossless (e.g. PNG → PNG, PNG → WebP-lossless) is pixel-perfect. Lossless → lossy (PNG → JPG at quality 80) discards information the eye barely notices. Lossy → lossy (JPG → WebP) loses a small amount at each step — fine for one conversion, avoid repeated round-trips. **Can I convert HEIC files from my iPhone?** Not in the browser — decoding HEIC needs a patent-encumbered HEVC decoder we don't ship. Convert the photo to JPG on your Apple device first (see /heic-converter for the steps), then bring it here for any further format changes. **Does this work on mobile?** Yes. The whole site is built mobile-first. The drop zone falls back to a file picker, and conversions run on-device just like on desktop. --- ## How to Convert HEIC to JPG URL: https://convert.now/heic-converter Category: image Source formats: Target formats: Keywords: heic to jpg, heic to png, convert heic, iphone photo converter, heic converter, heif to jpg, open heic on windows, heic to jpeg ### Description Apple stores iPhone photos as HEIC by default — a smaller format than JPG, but one that most Windows machines, websites, and editing tools can't open. Decoding HEIC means decoding HEVC, which is patent-encumbered, so convert.now doesn't decode HEIC in the browser. The best place to convert a HEIC photo is on the Apple device that took it, where a fully licensed decoder is already built in. This guide walks through the fastest ways to do that on iPhone, iPad, and Mac. ### Use cases - Convert iPhone photos to JPG for a Windows PC - Make HEIC photos uploadable to a website that rejects them - Email a HEIC photo to someone who can't view it ### Examples ### FAQ **Why are my iPhone photos in HEIC?** iPhones default to HEIC (High Efficiency Image Container) on iOS 11 and later because the files are roughly half the size of JPG at equivalent quality. The downside is that HEIC isn't natively supported on Windows, on most websites, or in older software. If you want your iPhone to capture JPG instead, go to Settings → Camera → Formats → Most Compatible. **How do I convert HEIC to JPG on my iPhone?** In Photos, select the photo, tap Share, and choose Copy Photo or save to Files — iOS converts to JPG automatically when sharing to apps that need it. Or set Settings → Camera → Formats → Most Compatible so new photos are captured as JPG. **How do I convert HEIC to JPG on a Mac?** Open the file in Preview, choose File → Export, set the format to JPEG, and save. To convert many at once, select them in Finder, right-click, and use Quick Actions → Convert Image. **Can convert.now convert HEIC in my browser?** No. Reading HEIC requires an HEVC decoder, which is covered by patent licensing that free software can't ship. Convert HEIC on an Apple device first, then use convert.now for any further format changes. --- ## Image Compressor URL: https://convert.now/image-compressor Category: image Source formats: png, jpeg, webp Target formats: png, jpeg, webp Keywords: image compressor, compress png, compress jpg, compress webp, tinypng alternative, image optimization, shrink image, reduce image size, online image compressor ### Description Shrink image file sizes while keeping the format the same. Uses MozJPEG for JPG, OxiPNG for lossless PNG optimization, and libwebp for WebP. Drop your images, choose a strength level, and download the optimized versions with per-file before/after stats. Unlike TinyPNG or similar tools, nothing uploads — your images stay on your device. ### Use cases - Shrink screenshots before attaching them to a bug report - Optimize images for a website without changing format - Reduce the file size of camera JPGs without converting to WebP - Process a folder of PNGs through OxiPNG without the command line ### Examples **Input:** 10 PNG screenshots, ~500KB each → balanced compression ``` 10 PNGs at ~200KB each, visually identical ``` *Typical 'optimize my screenshots' workflow.* **Input:** 30 camera JPGs at quality 95 → balanced compression ``` 30 JPGs at quality 82, ~40% smaller, indistinguishable to the eye ``` *Drop the over-quality knob without changing format.* ### FAQ **How does this compare to TinyPNG?** Same kind of result — significantly smaller files at minimal quality cost. Two differences: nothing uploads (TinyPNG sends your files to their server), and there's no monthly file-count limit. The trade-off is that very large batches can take longer than a server-side service because all the work happens in your browser. **Is the compression lossless?** It depends on the format. For PNG, the default is lossless (OxiPNG only reorders pixels and tries different filters — same image, smaller file). For JPG and WebP it's lossy by default; turn on the 'Lossless WebP' option to force lossless WebP output. **What does each strength level do?** Light: minimal compression, prioritizing quality (PNG level 2, JPG q90, WebP q85). Balanced: the recommended default (PNG level 4, JPG q80, WebP q75). Aggressive: maximum compression at the cost of subtle quality loss (PNG level 6, JPG q70, WebP q65). **Will this work on mobile?** Yes. The whole pipeline is browser-based. Large files may run slower on mobile due to memory and CPU constraints, but the conversions work. **Do you preserve EXIF data?** EXIF metadata is preserved by default for JPG and WebP. PNG doesn't have EXIF in the same way; embedded text chunks are preserved. --- ## PDF Merger URL: https://convert.now/pdf-merger Category: pdf Source formats: pdf Target formats: pdf Keywords: merge pdf, combine pdf, join pdf, pdf merger, pdf combiner, merge pdf online, online pdf merger, pdf merger free ### Description Merge any number of PDFs into a single file. Drop your PDFs, drag them into the order you want, click Merge. The output preserves the original page sizes, fonts, and embedded media. Built with pdf-lib (MIT, pure JavaScript) — no server, no waiting in a queue, no upload size limits beyond what your browser can handle. ### Use cases - Combine multiple bank statements into one PDF for taxes - Merge a cover letter and resume into a single PDF for an application - Assemble scanned pages into one document - Concatenate research papers into a single reading file ### Examples **Input:** 3 single-page PDFs → merge in order ``` 1 PDF with 3 pages, total size approximately equal to the inputs combined ``` *Standard merge with page-size preservation.* **Input:** 10 mixed-size PDFs → merge ``` 1 PDF, each original document's pages preserve their original layout and size ``` *Different page sizes are preserved as-is.* ### FAQ **Is there a file count limit?** No hard limit. Browser memory is the real constraint — dozens of PDFs work fine, hundreds-of-MB total may slow down. If you hit memory pressure, merge in smaller batches. **Are the original PDFs uploaded anywhere?** No. Merging happens entirely in your browser. The PDFs never leave your device. **Does merging preserve bookmarks and links?** Internal links within each PDF are preserved. Bookmarks (PDF outline) are preserved from each source PDF. External hyperlinks continue to work. **Can I reorder the PDFs?** Yes — drag PDFs in the queue to set the order. The output PDF concatenates them in the order shown. **What about encrypted PDFs?** PDFs with passwords or DRM can't be merged without first being decrypted. Use the PDF's owner password to remove restrictions in your PDF viewer, then merge. **Does this work on mobile?** Yes — the file picker UI and drag-to-reorder both work on touch devices. --- ## PDF to JPG Converter URL: https://convert.now/pdf-to-jpg Category: pdf Source formats: pdf Target formats: jpeg, png, webp Keywords: pdf to jpg, pdf to png, pdf to image, convert pdf to picture, pdf to jpeg, pdf page to image, pdf to webp, rasterize pdf ### Description Convert any PDF into per-page images — JPG, PNG, or WebP — at a resolution you control. After upload, see a thumbnail of every page, select which ones to export, pick the format and DPI, and download as a zip. Built on PDF.js (Apache 2.0) for rendering and jSquash codecs for encoding. Runs entirely in your browser. ### Use cases - Extract individual pages from a PDF as images for a slide deck - Convert a scanned document into searchable images for OCR upstream - Pull a chart out of a PDF without screenshotting - Generate thumbnails of every page in a PDF ### Examples **Input:** 20-page PDF → JPG at 150 DPI ``` 20 JPG files (page-001.jpg … page-020.jpg), bundled as zip ``` *Standard 'export every page' workflow.* **Input:** 100-page PDF → PNG at 72 DPI, pages 5-10 only ``` 6 PNG files for the selected pages ``` *Selective extraction for the pages that matter.* ### FAQ **What DPI should I pick?** 72 DPI is fine for screen and web. 150 DPI is the sensible default. 300 DPI matches print resolution — useful if you need to print the images. Higher DPI means bigger files and slower processing. **Why is the conversion slow on large PDFs?** Each page is rendered to a canvas (driven by PDF.js) and then encoded to the target image format. Both steps are CPU-bound and happen in your browser. A 500-page PDF at 300 DPI can take several minutes. For long PDFs, drop the DPI or select a page range. **Are scanned PDFs handled?** Yes — scanned PDFs are essentially images already, so rasterizing them is straightforward. The output will be roughly the same fidelity as the original scan. **Does this preserve text searchability?** No — rasterizing a PDF page into JPG or PNG loses the underlying text layer. If you need searchable images, use PDF→PDF/A or keep the PDF and use a viewer that can search. **Can I extract just one page?** Yes — after upload, the thumbnail grid lets you select specific pages before converting. The zip output contains only the selected pages. --- ## Images to PDF Converter URL: https://convert.now/images-to-pdf Category: pdf Source formats: jpeg, png, webp Target formats: pdf Keywords: images to pdf, image to pdf, jpg to pdf, png to pdf, photo to pdf, convert images to pdf, make pdf from images ### Description Turn a batch of images into a single PDF — useful for compiling a report, archiving a photo set, or building a portable document from scanned pages. Drag images into the order you want, pick a page size (auto-fit to each image, or A4 / Letter with centered placement), and download. Built on pdf-lib (MIT). Runs entirely in your browser. ### Use cases - Combine scanned receipts into a single PDF for an expense report - Build a portfolio PDF from a set of images - Compile a contract's signature pages photographed from a phone - Archive a photo set as a single shareable document ### Examples **Input:** 5 JPG photos → A4 PDF ``` 1 PDF, 5 pages, each photo centered on an A4 page ``` *Standard photo album / scan compilation.* **Input:** 20 PNG screenshots → auto-fit PDF ``` 1 PDF, 20 pages, each page matches the screenshot's dimensions ``` *Useful for building a screenshot-driven tutorial.* ### FAQ **What image formats can I use?** JPG, PNG, and WebP. Other formats (HEIC, TIFF, BMP, GIF, SVG) need to be converted to one of those first — use /image-converter (or, for HEIC, convert on your Apple device). **How is the page size 'auto' decided?** 'Auto' makes each PDF page match the dimensions of the source image, so the image fills the page exactly. Pick A4 or Letter when you need a standard print size — images are centered and fitted within the page. **Are HEIC files supported?** Not directly — HEIC needs an HEVC decoder that's patent-encumbered and not available in the browser. Convert your HEIC photos to JPG on your Apple device first (see /heic-converter), then add them here. **How large can the output PDF be?** Browser memory is the only limit. A PDF with hundreds of images works but takes a few seconds to assemble. If your output exceeds a few hundred MB, consider splitting into multiple PDFs. **Can I reorder the images?** Yes — drag thumbnails in the queue to set the order. The output PDF uses that order. --- ## Data Format Converter URL: https://convert.now/data-converter Category: data Source formats: Target formats: Keywords: json to yaml, yaml to json, csv to json, xml to json, data converter, json to csv, csv to parquet, parquet to json, parquet to csv ### Description Convert structured data between JSON, YAML, XML, CSV, and Apache Parquet without uploading anything. Drop in a file and pick the output format — conversion happens locally in your browser. The source format is detected from the file extension. ### Use cases - Converting a YAML config to JSON for an API - Turning a CSV export into JSON records - Reformatting XML into readable YAML ### Examples **Input:** config.yaml ``` config.json ``` *Convert a YAML config to JSON* **Input:** data.csv ``` data.json ``` *Convert a CSV table to JSON records* **Input:** data.csv ``` data.parquet ``` *Convert a CSV table to Apache Parquet* ### FAQ **Is my data uploaded anywhere?** No. Conversion runs entirely in your browser using local JavaScript — your files never leave your device. **How is the source format detected?** From the file extension (.json, .yaml/.yml, .xml, .csv, .parquet). Rename the file if its extension doesn't match its contents. --- ## Spreadsheet Converter URL: https://convert.now/spreadsheet-converter Category: data Source formats: Target formats: Keywords: xlsx to csv, csv to xlsx, excel to json, ods to xlsx, spreadsheet converter, xls to csv ### Description Convert Excel and OpenDocument spreadsheets between XLSX, XLS, ODS, CSV, HTML, and JSON. Everything runs locally with SheetJS — your spreadsheets are never uploaded. Drop a file and choose the output format. ### Use cases - Converting an Excel export to CSV for a database import - Turning a spreadsheet into JSON for an app - Converting ODS to XLSX for Excel compatibility ### Examples **Input:** report.xlsx ``` report.csv ``` *Convert an Excel file to CSV* **Input:** data.csv ``` data.xlsx ``` *Convert a CSV to a real Excel workbook* ### FAQ **Does it support Excel files?** Yes — XLSX and legacy XLS as input, and XLSX, ODS, CSV, HTML, or JSON as output. All processing happens in your browser. **What about formulas and styling?** Cell values and structure are preserved. Complex formulas are evaluated to their last-saved values; rich styling is not carried into all formats. --- ## Font Converter URL: https://convert.now/font-converter Category: font Source formats: Target formats: Keywords: ttf to woff2, woff2 to ttf, otf to ttf, font converter, ttf to woff, web font converter ### Description Convert fonts between TTF, OTF, WOFF, and WOFF2 entirely in your browser. WOFF2 is the format you want for fast-loading websites. Drop a font file and pick the target — your fonts never leave your device. ### Use cases - Converting a TTF to WOFF2 for a website - Unpacking a WOFF2 back to TTF for desktop use - Converting OTF fonts to web formats ### Examples **Input:** font.ttf ``` font.woff2 ``` *Convert a TTF to WOFF2 for the web* **Input:** webfont.woff2 ``` webfont.ttf ``` *Convert WOFF2 back to a desktop TTF* ### FAQ **Which format should I use for websites?** WOFF2 — it's the smallest and is supported by all modern browsers. Keep WOFF as a fallback only for very old browsers. **Does this change the glyphs?** No. This converts the font container (the wrapper format), not the glyph outlines, so the font renders identically. --- ## Audio Converter URL: https://convert.now/audio-converter Category: audio Source formats: Target formats: Keywords: wav to mp3, mp3 to wav, m4a to mp3, audio converter, convert to opus, aac converter ### Description Convert audio files between WAV, MP3, M4A (AAC), and Opus locally in your browser. Decoding compressed formats and AAC/Opus output use the browser's built-in WebCodecs, so a modern browser is required. Your audio never leaves your device. ### Use cases - Converting a WAV recording to MP3 for sharing - Turning M4A voice memos into MP3 - Creating small Opus files for the web ### Examples **Input:** recording.wav ``` recording.mp3 ``` *Convert a WAV recording to MP3* **Input:** voice.m4a ``` voice.mp3 ``` *Convert an M4A voice memo to MP3* ### FAQ **Why does it need a modern browser?** Decoding MP3/AAC/Opus and encoding AAC/Opus use the browser's native WebCodecs API. WAV and MP3 encoding work everywhere; the rest need a recent Chrome, Edge, or Safari. **Is my audio uploaded?** No. All decoding and encoding happens locally in your browser — nothing is sent to a server. --- ## TAR & GZIP Archive Tool URL: https://convert.now/archive-tool Category: archive Source formats: Target formats: Keywords: tar online, create tar, tar gz, extract tar, gzip file, gunzip, make tar archive, tar extractor ### Description Bundle multiple files into a single .tar or .tar.gz archive, extract .tar/.tar.gz/.tgz archives (delivered as a .zip so your browser can save them in one download), and gzip or gunzip single files. Everything runs locally in your browser with fflate and an in-house TAR writer — your files never leave your device. ### Use cases - Bundle a set of files into a single .tar.gz to share or upload - Extract a .tar.gz you downloaded without installing command-line tools - Gzip a log or data file before archiving it ### Examples **Input:** 5 files → pack ``` 1 archive.tar.gz ``` *Bundle several files into one compressed archive.* **Input:** release.tar.gz → extract ``` release.zip of the contents ``` *Unpack an archive and save the files as a zip.* ### FAQ **Why are extracted files delivered as a .zip?** Browsers can only save one file per download. Extracting a TAR yields many files, so they are repackaged into a single .zip you can save and open anywhere. **Are my files uploaded anywhere?** No. All archiving runs entirely in your browser — your files never leave your device. **What's the difference between .tar and .tar.gz?** A .tar bundles files together without compression. A .tar.gz additionally GZIP-compresses that bundle, so it's smaller. Pick .tar.gz unless you specifically need an uncompressed archive. --- ## Format reference Plain-prose description of every format convert.now reads or writes. ### PNG (Portable Network Graphics) PNG is a lossless raster format that supports transparency. Every pixel is preserved byte-for-byte through compression, which makes it the right choice for screenshots, UI assets, logos with transparent backgrounds, and any image where artifacts would be unacceptable. The trade-off is file size: a photo saved as PNG can be 5–10× larger than the same photo as JPG or WebP. Compression: lossless. Transparency: yes. Animation: no. MIME: image/png. Extension: .png. **Good for:** - Screenshots and UI captures - Logos and icons with transparent backgrounds - Diagrams, charts, and anything with sharp edges - Images that will be edited further (the lossless round-trip preserves quality) **Poor for:** - Photographs and large naturalistic images (file size is huge) - Anywhere bandwidth or page-weight matters (use WebP or AVIF instead) ### JPG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) JPG (also written JPEG) is the workhorse lossy format for photographs. It throws away high-frequency detail the human eye barely notices, producing files that are 5–10× smaller than lossless equivalents at quality settings most people can't visually distinguish from the original. JPG has no transparency support — every pixel is fully opaque — which is why screenshots and logos with cutouts shouldn't be saved as JPG. Compression: lossy. Transparency: no. Animation: no. MIME: image/jpeg. Extension: .jpg. **Good for:** - Photographs, especially anything with smooth gradients (sky, skin, water) - Social media uploads where size matters more than perfect fidelity - Email attachments and chat where compatibility is paramount **Poor for:** - Anything that needs transparency (use PNG or WebP) - Screenshots and text-heavy images (compression artifacts around sharp edges) - Repeated re-saving — each save loses more detail ### WebP (WebP (Google)) WebP is Google's modern image format. It supports both lossy and lossless compression, transparency, and animation — making it a single replacement for PNG, JPG, and GIF. At equivalent quality it produces files 25–35% smaller than JPG and PNG. Every modern browser supports it. It's the default sensible answer for any image on a website built after 2020. Compression: both. Transparency: yes. Animation: yes. MIME: image/webp. Extension: .webp. **Good for:** - Web images of any kind — the modern default - Replacing both JPG photos and PNG screenshots on a single site - Animated images that would otherwise be GIFs (much smaller) **Poor for:** - Print pipelines and pre-2020 software (use PNG/JPG for compatibility) - Distribution to non-browser environments (chat apps, email, archives) ### AVIF (AV1 Image File Format) AVIF is the newest mainstream image format, built on top of the AV1 video codec. It produces files 30–50% smaller than JPG and 20% smaller than WebP at equivalent quality, with excellent transparency and HDR support. The catch is encoding speed: AVIF takes seconds, not milliseconds, even on fast machines. Decoding is fast — it's only the encode that's slow. Compression: lossy. Transparency: yes. Animation: yes. MIME: image/avif. Extension: .avif. **Good for:** - Hero images and other content where every byte matters - Build-time image pipelines that can absorb the encoding cost - Photos with smooth gradients (the AV1 codec excels here) **Poor for:** - On-the-fly conversion where the user is waiting (slow encode) - Older devices and software pipelines - Anything that needs to round-trip through editing tools (limited support) ### JPEG XL (JPEG XL Image Format) JPEG XL is a modern, royalty-free image format with state-of-the-art compression. It beats JPEG, WebP, and usually AVIF on quality-per-byte, supports both lossless and lossy modes, can losslessly recompress existing JPEGs, and handles HDR, wide color, transparency, and animation. Its main limitation today is browser support, which is still rolling out. Compression: both. Transparency: yes. Animation: yes. MIME: image/jxl. Extension: .jxl. **Good for:** - High-quality archival images at small sizes - Losslessly shrinking existing JPEG libraries - Workflows where you control decoding (apps, pipelines) **Poor for:** - Broad web delivery today (inconsistent browser support) - Sharing with people whose software may not open it yet ### HDR (Radiance HDR Image) Radiance HDR (.hdr) stores high-dynamic-range images using an RGBE encoding — a shared exponent per pixel that captures a far wider range of brightness than ordinary 8-bit formats. It's common in 3D rendering, photography, and as environment/lighting maps. To view or share one as a normal image, it's tone-mapped down to standard 8-bit RGB. Compression: lossless. Transparency: no. Animation: no. MIME: image/vnd.radiance. Extension: .hdr. **Good for:** - Environment and lighting maps for 3D rendering - Preserving the full brightness range of a scene **Poor for:** - Direct display on the web (needs tone-mapping first) - General-purpose photo sharing ### ICO (Windows Icon) ICO is the Windows icon format and the classic home of the site favicon.ico. A single .ico file is a container that can hold several images at different sizes (16, 32, 48, and 256 px are typical) so the operating system or browser can pick the right one for the context. Modern ICO files embed full PNG frames, so each size is a lossless PNG under the hood. Compression: lossless. Transparency: yes. Animation: no. MIME: image/x-icon. Extension: .ico. **Good for:** - Site favicons (favicon.ico) and Windows application/shortcut icons - Bundling several icon sizes in one file **Poor for:** - Photographs and general web images (use WebP, JPG, or PNG) - Anything larger than 256×256 (ICO frames cap at 256 px) ### TIFF (Tagged Image File Format) TIFF is a flexible container format used heavily in print, scanning, and archival workflows. It can hold lossless or lossy data, multiple pages, and rich metadata. Browsers don't display TIFF, so anything destined for the web needs to be converted to JPG, PNG, or WebP first. Compression: both. Transparency: yes. Animation: no. MIME: image/tiff. Extension: .tiff. **Good for:** - Print and pre-press workflows - Scanning and document archives (multi-page TIFFs are common) - Lossless image exchange between editing tools **Poor for:** - Web display (browsers won't render it) - Email and chat distribution ### BMP (Bitmap) BMP is a Windows-era uncompressed raster format. Every pixel is stored verbatim, which makes files enormous — a 4K photo can exceed 30 MB. It's mostly seen in legacy software, screen captures from old Windows tools, and the occasional embedded device. There's almost no reason to keep an image in BMP if you have any choice. Compression: n/a. Transparency: no. Animation: no. MIME: image/bmp. Extension: .bmp. **Good for:** - Round-tripping through ancient Windows software - Embedded devices that only emit BMP **Poor for:** - Anything where file size matters (which is almost everywhere) - Web display, email, archive — pick literally any other format ### GIF (Graphics Interchange Format) GIF is a 1987 format that survives in 2026 only because of animation. As a still image it's strictly worse than PNG — 256-color palette, dithered gradients, large file size. As an animation it's outclassed by animated WebP and short MP4 clips. Modern teams convert GIFs to MP4 or WebP for the bandwidth win. Compression: lossless. Transparency: yes. Animation: yes. MIME: image/gif. Extension: .gif. **Good for:** - Legacy contexts where only GIF will play (forum signatures, ancient chat clients) - Source material for converting to animated WebP or MP4 **Poor for:** - Still images (use PNG, JPG, or WebP) - Long or high-quality animations (use WebP or MP4 — much smaller) ### SVG (Scalable Vector Graphics) SVG is a vector format described in XML — paths, shapes, gradients, and text rather than pixels. It scales to any size without loss, which makes it the right choice for icons, logos, and diagrams that need to render crisply on retina displays and at small icon sizes. Converting SVG to a raster format like PNG or JPG bakes the image at a specific resolution. Compression: vector. Transparency: yes. Animation: yes. MIME: image/svg+xml. Extension: .svg. **Good for:** - Icons, logos, and UI illustrations - Charts and data visualization - Anything that needs to scale crisply at any size **Poor for:** - Photographs and complex realistic imagery - Pipelines that don't speak SVG (print, some social media uploads) ### PDF (Portable Document Format) PDF is the universal document format. A single PDF can contain text, vector graphics, raster images, fonts, forms, and more — all laid out exactly as the author intended on every device that opens it. PDFs are the right answer when layout fidelity matters: contracts, statements, reports, anything that needs to print or render identically everywhere. Compression: both. Transparency: yes. Animation: no. MIME: application/pdf. Extension: .pdf. **Good for:** - Documents that need to print or render identically across devices - Multi-page reports and contracts - Combining multiple images into a single shareable document **Poor for:** - Anywhere you need to edit the content after the fact (PDFs are read-mostly) - Single images that don't need pagination (use the image format directly) ### Text (Plain Text) Plain text is the universal lowest common denominator — just characters, no formatting. Extracting text from a PDF lets you copy passages, search across documents, or feed content into an LLM without the PDF wrapper. The trade-off is that all visual formatting (fonts, layout, images) is lost. Compression: n/a. Transparency: no. Animation: no. MIME: text/plain. Extension: .txt. **Good for:** - Copying content out of a PDF - Feeding text into search, indexing, or LLM context - Extracting tables and lists for further processing **Poor for:** - Preserving layout, fonts, or images - Documents where formatting carries meaning (contracts, statements) --- ## Browser support and device limits Every conversion runs in your browser via WebAssembly. The pipeline requires module-type Web Workers, OffscreenCanvas, and WebAssembly — all three are supported in Chrome 92+, Firefox 114+ (limiting browser, June 2023), Safari 16.4+ (March 2023), Edge 92+, and Android Chrome 92+. Older browsers will load the home page but tool pages will not function. ### Will not work - Internet Explorer (no WebAssembly). - Safari 16.3 and earlier (no OffscreenCanvas — affects iOS 16.3 and older). - Firefox 113 and earlier (module workers disabled by default). - Older Chromebooks, Kindle browsers, KaiOS browsers, smart-TV browsers. ### Mobile iOS Safari 16.4+ and Android Chrome 92+ are fully supported. The drop zone falls back to the system file picker on touch devices (HTML5 drag-and-drop has no touch equivalent). Tab memory is capped at ~250–500MB; single files over 100MB or large batches may crash the tab. ### Per-format limits - PNG: decode + encode. OxiPNG optimisation pass available. - JPG / JPEG: decode + encode (MozJPEG quality 1–100). - WebP: decode + encode (lossy + lossless, animated supported). - AVIF: decode + encode. Encoding is slow — 3–10s per image on desktop, longer on mobile. Single-threaded by default. - HEIC / HEIF: not supported. Decoding HEIC requires an HEVC decoder that is patent-encumbered and unavailable as free software; /heic-converter is an info page explaining how to convert HEIC on an Apple device instead. - TIFF: decode only. Multi-page TIFFs flatten to first page. - BMP: decode only via the browser's image pipeline. - GIF: first frame only. Animation is not preserved. - SVG: decode (rasterize) only. - PDF: create, merge, split, rasterize. Cannot edit existing text content. ### File size guidance - Under 10MB: instant on every device. - 10–100MB: a few seconds on desktop, longer on mobile. - 100–500MB: desktop only; expect noticeable wait. - Over 500MB: may hit browser memory ceilings. - Batches of 100+ images: processed in parallel slots of `min(hardwareConcurrency - 1, 4)`. - PDFs over 200 pages: PDF.js loads the whole document into memory before rasterizing. ### Privacy verification Open browser DevTools, switch to the Network tab, drop a file and convert. You will see HTML, JS chunks, WASM codec bundles, and Vercel Analytics pings — never a request body with file contents. The tools work fully offline after the first page load. --- ## Programmatic conversion routes Every supported format pair has its own dedicated route with a pre-configured converter, an example, and a FAQ. - PNG to JPG: https://convert.now/png-to-jpg - PNG to WebP: https://convert.now/png-to-webp - PNG to AVIF: https://convert.now/png-to-avif - PNG to JPEG XL: https://convert.now/png-to-jxl - PNG to ICO: https://convert.now/png-to-ico - PNG to PDF: https://convert.now/png-to-pdf - JPG to PNG: https://convert.now/jpg-to-png - JPG to WebP: https://convert.now/jpg-to-webp - JPG to AVIF: https://convert.now/jpg-to-avif - JPG to JPEG XL: https://convert.now/jpg-to-jxl - JPG to ICO: https://convert.now/jpg-to-ico - JPG to PDF: https://convert.now/jpg-to-pdf - WebP to PNG: https://convert.now/webp-to-png - WebP to JPG: https://convert.now/webp-to-jpg - WebP to AVIF: https://convert.now/webp-to-avif - WebP to JPEG XL: https://convert.now/webp-to-jxl - WebP to ICO: https://convert.now/webp-to-ico - WebP to PDF: https://convert.now/webp-to-pdf - AVIF to PNG: https://convert.now/avif-to-png - AVIF to JPG: https://convert.now/avif-to-jpg - AVIF to WebP: https://convert.now/avif-to-webp - AVIF to JPEG XL: https://convert.now/avif-to-jxl - AVIF to ICO: https://convert.now/avif-to-ico - AVIF to PDF: https://convert.now/avif-to-pdf - TIFF to PNG: https://convert.now/tiff-to-png - TIFF to JPG: https://convert.now/tiff-to-jpg - TIFF to WebP: https://convert.now/tiff-to-webp - TIFF to AVIF: https://convert.now/tiff-to-avif - TIFF to JPEG XL: https://convert.now/tiff-to-jxl - TIFF to ICO: https://convert.now/tiff-to-ico - TIFF to PDF: https://convert.now/tiff-to-pdf - BMP to PNG: https://convert.now/bmp-to-png - BMP to JPG: https://convert.now/bmp-to-jpg - BMP to WebP: https://convert.now/bmp-to-webp - BMP to AVIF: https://convert.now/bmp-to-avif - BMP to JPEG XL: https://convert.now/bmp-to-jxl - BMP to ICO: https://convert.now/bmp-to-ico - BMP to PDF: https://convert.now/bmp-to-pdf - GIF to PNG: https://convert.now/gif-to-png - GIF to JPG: https://convert.now/gif-to-jpg - GIF to WebP: https://convert.now/gif-to-webp - GIF to AVIF: https://convert.now/gif-to-avif - GIF to JPEG XL: https://convert.now/gif-to-jxl - GIF to ICO: https://convert.now/gif-to-ico - GIF to PDF: https://convert.now/gif-to-pdf - SVG to PNG: https://convert.now/svg-to-png - SVG to JPG: https://convert.now/svg-to-jpg - SVG to WebP: https://convert.now/svg-to-webp - SVG to AVIF: https://convert.now/svg-to-avif - SVG to JPEG XL: https://convert.now/svg-to-jxl - SVG to ICO: https://convert.now/svg-to-ico - SVG to PDF: https://convert.now/svg-to-pdf - JPEG XL to PNG: https://convert.now/jxl-to-png - JPEG XL to JPG: https://convert.now/jxl-to-jpg - JPEG XL to WebP: https://convert.now/jxl-to-webp - JPEG XL to AVIF: https://convert.now/jxl-to-avif - JPEG XL to ICO: https://convert.now/jxl-to-ico - JPEG XL to PDF: https://convert.now/jxl-to-pdf - HDR to PNG: https://convert.now/hdr-to-png - HDR to JPG: https://convert.now/hdr-to-jpg - HDR to WebP: https://convert.now/hdr-to-webp - HDR to AVIF: https://convert.now/hdr-to-avif - HDR to JPEG XL: https://convert.now/hdr-to-jxl - HDR to ICO: https://convert.now/hdr-to-ico - HDR to PDF: https://convert.now/hdr-to-pdf - ICO to PNG: https://convert.now/ico-to-png - ICO to JPG: https://convert.now/ico-to-jpg - ICO to WebP: https://convert.now/ico-to-webp - ICO to AVIF: https://convert.now/ico-to-avif - ICO to JPEG XL: https://convert.now/ico-to-jxl - ICO to PDF: https://convert.now/ico-to-pdf - PDF to PNG: https://convert.now/pdf-to-png - PDF to JPG: https://convert.now/pdf-to-jpg - PDF to WebP: https://convert.now/pdf-to-webp - PDF to Text: https://convert.now/pdf-to-txt